{
    "data_id": "42175",
    "name": "CreditCardFraudDetection",
    "exact_name": "CreditCardFraudDetection",
    "version": 1,
    "version_label": null,
    "description": "Context\nIt is important that credit card companies are able to recognize fraudulent credit card transactions so that customers are not charged for items that they did not purchase.\n\nContent\nThe datasets contains transactions made by credit cards in September 2013 by european cardholders. This dataset presents transactions that occurred in two days, where we have 492 frauds out of 284,807 transactions. The dataset is highly unbalanced, the positive class (frauds) account for 0.172% of all transactions.\n\nIt contains only numerical input variables which are the result of a PCA transformation. Unfortunately, due to confidentiality issues, we cannot provide the original features and more background information about the data. Features V1, V2, ... V28 are the principal components obtained with PCA, the only features which have not been transformed with PCA are 'Time' and 'Amount'. Feature 'Time' contains the seconds elapsed between each transaction and the first transaction in the dataset. The feature 'Amount' is the transaction Amount, this feature can be used for example-dependant cost-senstive learning. Feature 'Class' is the response variable and it takes value 1 in case of fraud and 0 otherwise.\n\nInspiration\nIdentify fraudulent credit card transactions.\n\nGiven the class imbalance ratio, we recommend measuring the accuracy using the Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUPRC). Confusion matrix accuracy is not meaningful for unbalanced classification.\n\nAcknowledgements\nThe dataset has been collected and analysed during a research collaboration of Worldline and the Machine Learning Group (http:\/\/mlg.ulb.ac.be) of ULB (Universite Libre de Bruxelles) on big data mining and fraud detection. More details on current and past projects on related topics are available on https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/project\/Fraud-detection-5 and the page of the DefeatFraud project\n\nPlease cite the following works:\n\nAndrea Dal Pozzolo, Olivier Caelen, Reid A. Johnson and Gianluca Bontempi. Calibrating Probability with Undersampling for Unbalanced Classification. In Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Data Mining (CIDM), IEEE, 2015\n\nDal Pozzolo, Andrea; Caelen, Olivier; Le Borgne, Yann-Ael; Waterschoot, Serge; Bontempi, Gianluca. Learned lessons in credit card fraud detection from a practitioner perspective, Expert systems with applications,41,10,4915-4928,2014, Pergamon\n\nDal Pozzolo, Andrea; Boracchi, Giacomo; Caelen, Olivier; Alippi, Cesare; Bontempi, Gianluca. Credit card fraud detection: a realistic modeling and a novel learning strategy, IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems,29,8,3784-3797,2018,IEEE\n\nDal Pozzolo, Andrea Adaptive Machine learning for credit card fraud detection ULB MLG PhD thesis (supervised by G. Bontempi)\n\nCarcillo, Fabrizio; Dal Pozzolo, Andrea; Le Borgne, Yann-Ael; Caelen, Olivier; Mazzer, Yannis; Bontempi, Gianluca. Scarff: a scalable framework for streaming credit card fraud detection with Spark, Information fusion,41, 182-194,2018,Elsevier\n\nCarcillo, Fabrizio; Le Borgne, Yann-Ael; Caelen, Olivier; Bontempi, Gianluca. Streaming active learning strategies for real-life credit card fraud detection: assessment and visualization, International Journal of Data Science and Analytics, 5,4,285-300,2018,Springer International Publishing\n\nBertrand Lebichot, Yann-Ael Le Borgne, Liyun He, Frederic Oble, Gianluca Bontempi Deep-Learning Domain Adaptation Techniques for Credit Cards Fraud Detection, INNSBDDL 2019: Recent Advances in Big Data and Deep Learning, pp 78-88, 2019\n\nFabrizio Carcillo, Yann-Ael Le Borgne, Olivier Caelen, Frederic Oble, Gianluca Bontempi Combining Unsupervised and Supervised Learning in Credit Card Fraud Detection Information Sciences, 2019",
    "format": "arff",
    "uploader": "Andreas Mueller",
    "uploader_id": 1140,
    "visibility": "public",
    "creator": null,
    "contributor": "\"Andreas Mueller\"",
    "date": "2019-10-14 16:39:17",
    "update_comment": null,
    "last_update": "2019-10-14 16:39:17",
    "licence": "Public",
    "status": "active",
    "error_message": null,
    "url": "https:\/\/www.openml.org\/data\/download\/21756045\/dataset",
    "default_target_attribute": "Class",
    "row_id_attribute": null,
    "ignore_attribute": null,
    "runs": 0,
    "suggest": {
        "input": [
            "CreditCardFraudDetection",
            "Context It is important that credit card companies are able to recognize fraudulent credit card transactions so that customers are not charged for items that they did not purchase. Content The datasets contains transactions made by credit cards in September 2013 by european cardholders. This dataset presents transactions that occurred in two days, where we have 492 frauds out of 284,807 transactions. The dataset is highly unbalanced, the positive class (frauds) account for 0.172% of all transact "
        ],
        "weight": 5
    },
    "qualities": {
        "NumberOfInstances": 284807,
        "NumberOfFeatures": 31,
        "NumberOfClasses": 0,
        "NumberOfMissingValues": 0,
        "NumberOfInstancesWithMissingValues": 0,
        "NumberOfNumericFeatures": 31,
        "NumberOfSymbolicFeatures": 0,
        "PercentageOfSymbolicFeatures": 0,
        "Quartile3MutualInformation": null,
        "MaxNominalAttDistinctValues": null,
        "MinSkewnessOfNumericAtts": -8.521944194778024,
        "Quartile1AttributeEntropy": null,
        "Quartile3SkewnessOfNumericAtts": 0.6762920979857392,
        "MaxSkewnessOfNumericAtts": 23.997579310277334,
        "MinStdDevOfNumericAtts": 0.041527189635595194,
        "Quartile1KurtosisOfNumericAtts": 2.5783408337337193,
        "Quartile3StdDevOfNumericAtts": 1.3322710897575674,
        "MaxStdDevOfNumericAtts": 47488.14595456645,
        "MinorityClassPercentage": null,
        "Quartile1MeansOfNumericAtts": -2.32688333687273e-16,
        "StdvNominalAttDistinctValues": null,
        "MeanAttributeEntropy": null,
        "MinorityClassSize": null,
        "Quartile1MutualInformation": null,
        "MeanKurtosisOfNumericAtts": 153.1567753576295,
        "NumberOfBinaryFeatures": 0,
        "Quartile1SkewnessOfNumericAtts": -2.2401554402403963,
        "MeanMeansOfNumericAtts": 3061.36164263465,
        "Quartile1StdDevOfNumericAtts": 0.7257015604409169,
        "AutoCorrelation": 0.9967486640028651,
        "MeanMutualInformation": null,
        "Quartile2AttributeEntropy": null,
        "ClassEntropy": null,
        "MeanNoiseToSignalRatio": null,
        "Quartile2KurtosisOfNumericAtts": 26.61955080636381,
        "Dimensionality": 0.00010884563932768506,
        "MeanNominalAttDistinctValues": null,
        "Quartile2MeansOfNumericAtts": 8.807438504916257e-16,
        "EquivalentNumberOfAtts": null,
        "MeanSkewnessOfNumericAtts": 0.7253449640453108,
        "Quartile2MutualInformation": null,
        "MajorityClassPercentage": null,
        "MeanStdDevOfNumericAtts": 1540.8273080927954,
        "Quartile2SkewnessOfNumericAtts": -0.2598802680943106,
        "MajorityClassSize": null,
        "MinAttributeEntropy": null,
        "Quartile2StdDevOfNumericAtts": 0.9585956112570686,
        "MaxAttributeEntropy": null,
        "MinKurtosisOfNumericAtts": -1.2935300508990977,
        "PercentageOfBinaryFeatures": 0,
        "PercentageOfInstancesWithMissingValues": 0,
        "Quartile3AttributeEntropy": null,
        "MaxKurtosisOfNumericAtts": 933.3975020959604,
        "MinMeansOfNumericAtts": -8.745393064341592e-15,
        "PercentageOfMissingValues": 0,
        "Quartile3KurtosisOfNumericAtts": 220.58697362514783,
        "MaxMeansOfNumericAtts": 94813.85957493761,
        "MinMutualInformation": null,
        "PercentageOfNumericFeatures": 100,
        "Quartile3MeansOfNumericAtts": 1.995052925580472e-15,
        "MaxMutualInformation": null,
        "MinNominalAttDistinctValues": null
    },
    "tags": [
        {
            "uploader": "38960",
            "tag": "Astronomy"
        },
        {
            "uploader": "38960",
            "tag": "Machine Learning"
        }
    ],
    "features": [
        {
            "name": "Class",
            "index": "30",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "2",
            "missing": "0",
            "target": "1",
            "min": "0",
            "max": "1",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "0"
        },
        {
            "name": "Time",
            "index": "0",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "124592",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "0",
            "max": "172792",
            "mean": "94814",
            "stdev": "47488"
        },
        {
            "name": "V1",
            "index": "1",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-56",
            "max": "2",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "2"
        },
        {
            "name": "V2",
            "index": "2",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-73",
            "max": "22",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "2"
        },
        {
            "name": "V3",
            "index": "3",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-48",
            "max": "9",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "2"
        },
        {
            "name": "V4",
            "index": "4",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-6",
            "max": "17",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V5",
            "index": "5",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-114",
            "max": "35",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V6",
            "index": "6",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-26",
            "max": "73",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V7",
            "index": "7",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-44",
            "max": "121",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V8",
            "index": "8",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-73",
            "max": "20",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V9",
            "index": "9",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-13",
            "max": "16",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V10",
            "index": "10",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-25",
            "max": "24",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V11",
            "index": "11",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-5",
            "max": "12",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V12",
            "index": "12",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-19",
            "max": "8",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V13",
            "index": "13",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-6",
            "max": "7",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V14",
            "index": "14",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-19",
            "max": "11",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V15",
            "index": "15",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-4",
            "max": "9",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V16",
            "index": "16",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-14",
            "max": "17",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V17",
            "index": "17",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-25",
            "max": "9",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V18",
            "index": "18",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-9",
            "max": "5",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V19",
            "index": "19",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-7",
            "max": "6",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V20",
            "index": "20",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-54",
            "max": "39",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V21",
            "index": "21",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-35",
            "max": "27",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V22",
            "index": "22",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-11",
            "max": "11",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V23",
            "index": "23",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-45",
            "max": "23",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V24",
            "index": "24",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-3",
            "max": "5",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V25",
            "index": "25",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-10",
            "max": "8",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "V26",
            "index": "26",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-3",
            "max": "4",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "0"
        },
        {
            "name": "V27",
            "index": "27",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-23",
            "max": "32",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "0"
        },
        {
            "name": "V28",
            "index": "28",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "275663",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "-15",
            "max": "34",
            "mean": "0",
            "stdev": "0"
        },
        {
            "name": "Amount",
            "index": "29",
            "type": "numeric",
            "distinct": "32767",
            "missing": "0",
            "min": "0",
            "max": "25691",
            "mean": "88",
            "stdev": "250"
        }
    ],
    "nr_of_issues": 0,
    "nr_of_downvotes": 0,
    "nr_of_likes": 1,
    "nr_of_downloads": 9,
    "total_downloads": 20,
    "reach": 10,
    "reuse": 8,
    "impact_of_reuse": 0,
    "reach_of_reuse": 1,
    "impact": 8
}