17 bridges 1 **Author**: **Source**: Unknown - **Please cite**: 1. Title: Pittsburgh bridges 2. Sources: -- Yoram Reich & Steven J. Fenves Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Design Research Center Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Compiled from various sources. -- Donor: Yoram Reich (yoram.reich@cs.cmu.edu) -- Date: 1 August 1990 3. Past Usage: -- Reich & Fenves (1989). Incremental Learning for Capturing Design Expertise. Technical Report: EDRC 12-34-89, Engineering Design Research Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA. -- Qualitative results and runs with original ordering of examples. using COBWEB. -- Reich (1989). Converging to ``Ideal'' Design Knowledge by Learning, Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Formal Methods in Engineering Design, pp: 330-349, Colorado Springs, CO, January 1990. -- Describes a new design method with Bridger (variant of COBWEB) using this domain. (Also an EDRC report: 12-35-89) -- Reich (1989) Combining Nominal and Continuous Properties in an Incremental Learning System for Design. Technical Report: EDRC 12-33-89. -- Comparison of performance of Bridger when running on both versions (V1 and V2) of the database -- Reich (1989) Incremental Concept Formation with Mixed Property Types Unpublished Manuscript. -- Results using 10 random 10-fold cross-validation test with Bridger (relative error rate): Version V1 of the database: MATERIAL 18.4%, REL-L 38.7%, SPAN 42.7%, T-OR-D 14.7%, TYPE 47.6%. Version V2 of the database: MATERIAL 24.2%, REL-L 41.7%, SPAN 39.9%, T-OR-D 14.7%, TYPE 56.5%. -- Quinlan (1989) Personal communication. -- Results of a 10-fold cross-validation test with C4.5, and with a separate decision tree for each design property obtained the following error rates on version V1 of the database: MATERIAL 15%, REL-L 32%, SPAN 32%, T-OR-D 15%, TYPE 44%. 4. Number of instances: 108 5. Relevant Information: There are two versions to the database: V1 contains the original examples and V2 contains descriptions after discretizing numeric properties. There are no ``classes'' in the domain. Rather this is a DESIGN domain where 5 properties (design description) need to be predicted based on 7 specification properties. 6. Number of Attributes: 13: 7 specifications, 5 design description, and 1 identifier (not used for the classification) 7. Attribute Information: The type field state whether a property is continuous/integer (c) or nominal (n). For properties with c,n type, the range of continuous numbers is given first and the possible values of the nominal follow the semi-colon. name type possible values comments ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. IDENTIF - - identifier of the examples 2. RIVER n A, M, O 3. LOCATION n 1 to 52 4. ERECTED c,n 1818-1986 ; CRAFTS, EMERGING, MATURE, MODERN 5. PURPOSE n WALK, AQUEDUCT, RR, HIGHWAY 6. LENGTH c,n 804-4558 ; SHORT, MEDIUM, LONG 7. LANES c,n 1, 2, 4, 6 ; 1, 2, 4, 6 8. CLEAR-G n N, G 9. T-OR-D n THROUGH, DECK 10. MATERIAL n WOOD, IRON, STEEL 11. SPAN n SHORT, MEDUIM, LONG 12. REL-L n S, S-F, F 13. TYPE n WOOD, SUSPEN, SIMPLE-T, ARCH, CANTILEV, CONT-T 8. More complicated attributes: One can use a hierarchical structure for the Type property. There are two options. option 1 (use examples without modification) -------- Type / / / / wood suspen arch truss / | / | cantilev cont-t simple option 2 (requires changes in the Type property - specified bellow) -------- Type / / | / / | wood suspen arch truss / / | / / | tied-a not-tied cantilev cont-t simple arch-t Change the Type property of the following examples (in both V1 and V2): E28 -> arch-t E91,E90,E84,E83,E73 -> tied-a E97,E78,E77,E75,E66,E64,E43 -> not-tied 9. Missing Attribute Values: Attribute #: # instances with missing values: 2 1 6 27 7 16 8 2 9 6 10 2 11 16 12 5 13 3 Information about the dataset CLASSTYPE: nominal CLASSINDEX: no 1 ARFF 2014-04-06T23:20:33 Public https://api.openml.org/data/v1/download/17/bridges.arff https://openml1.win.tue.nl/datasets/0000/0017/dataset_17.pq 17 TYPE IDENTIF 1 tmpuci public https://openml1.win.tue.nl/datasets/0000/0017/dataset_17.pq deactivated 2020-11-20 19:29:21 3dafcb12b5acaf00e810c6dbaec8b241